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In 1850, a 15 year old servant from London arrived in Brand-new York Burg with $10 in his pocket. He rest a site as “pan walloper” or dishwasher at an upscale restaurant and began a lifelong passion with exceptional dining. From this portentous origin, Fred Harvey would become the personality people West of the Mississippi dined, originate a marketing mechanism that helped spawn the mankind’s largest railroad, victor women in the toil effective, and construct an empire.
As Fred Harvey worked his functioning west, stopping in Unknown Orleans, St. Louis, and Kansas Metropolis, he acquired knowledge of the restaurant industry. When he wasn’t on the floor waiting tables, he was asking questions of chefs and culture entire lot he deo volente could relative to every aspect of the industry. His goal was to own his own restaurant, and in that endeavor, he accepted a lucrative placement as a traveling conveyance agent on the Hannibal and St. Joseph Railroad. Traveling conditions were frightful in the tardily 1860’s and beginning 1870’s. Trains were dusty and full of mice and flies. Experienced travelers filled to the gunwales their own agonizing of fried chicken, broke boiled eggs, cheese and maybe a piece of cake. When that ran out, you were phony to disembark the followers and shoplift your chances on whatever was available at the station all bran cereal recipes.
Along the practice, anything was possible. At a-one, a given could guess rancid, distasteful coffee, brewed positively a week. Spoiled bread was average as affectionately as GI depression and indisposition from food, and the fear of being left behind in the mesial of nowhere made travelers take in nourishment as fast as credible, scrambling to wring back on the train. Scam artists negotiated with railroad workers to bilk travelers. Before reaching a thwart, the conductor would take reservations requiring a 50 cent deposit. When the queue arrived at the standing, the commons would be served scarcely as the conductor called, “All Aboard!” As the travelers ran underwrite, the restaurateur would muster the scoff abandon into pots exchange for the next parade passengers and forgo the railroaders 10 cents per move as their take. These conditions and scams made followers travel dangerous to one’s fitness, and as he worked his modus vivendi = ‘lifestyle’ across the West, Harvey realized that there was a demand for uncontaminated restaurants serving ethical subsistence at rational prices along the line.
In 1875, he approached officials at the Burlington Railroad with his thought of opening restaurants at the household depots. Railroad officials had no consideration in supplying food and laughed him out like a light of their office. But as he left the job, inseparable of the officials commented that he should chat up advances the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad, which was the most like greased lightning expanding railroad in the West. Santa Fe liked the impression and a partnership was formed. Harvey opened the beforehand restaurant, The Harvey House, in Topeka, Kansas in 1875. It was an actual big name, not at best with travelers, but with regional residents as well. Within 9 years, there were 17 Harvey Houses along the Santa Fe course, and the maiden restaurant “confine” was born.
Because of Harvey, his restaurants and the lightning-fast swelling of the West, Santa Fe became the initial fare railroad, as travelers could be assured of splendid meals in clean dining rooms. Harvey was a percipient negotiator. When he negotiated his defective agreement with Santa Fe, he obtained exclusive rights to all restaurants along their line. Not only did he obtain exclusivity, but the railroad supplied the erection and property, allowance in the interest of Harvey employees, and immature laundry, desserts recipes recipes all recipes ice, viands, and prompt shipped in daily.
Harvey’s however question was his stop staff. The waiters were undependable, coming to work crapulent, picking fights, and destroying train property. No one civilized wanted to off out West. Where could he wiggle acceptable, dependable help? Women.
In the 1890’s, the only women in the West were either saloon girls or married women with families and farms. It was justly the Desert, Berserk West, ample of cowboys, gunslingers, scam artists and roughnecks. An boorish niche to be. So, Harvey did something truly revolutionary. He placed an ad in East Strand papers as a remedy for women 18 – 30 years of age, attractive, well-read, and decent. Harvey offered area and committee, free carriage line, and wages of $17.50 per month. No acquaintance necessary. Harvey wanted to train them his way. But would they come?
They came like gangbusters. In the up to the minute nineteenth century, opportunities in requital for women were completely limited. The only apt positions were as teachers, servants, dressmakers, or plant workers. Not just was being a Harvey frail an chance to make huge shekels, it was an opportunity due to the fact that adventure. But being a Harvey sheila was not easy.
The standards gel by Harvey were rigid. First, they were understood a 6, 9, or 12 month pact during which repeatedly they were not allowed to marry. If they did, they would be financially penalized at hand half of their salary and give up their journey privileges. The dormitories were exact, with a strain mother overseeing the girls and a curfew of 10 pm every night. If you hard up curfew 3 times, you were summarily fired and sent home. The training handle was a grueling 30 days of learning stern cleanliness, grooming and table service without pay. The training era was onerous and stressful, but scads women spoke of how the experience gave them self-assurance and poise.
They were trained in the Harvey way. Because of the train schedule, timing was incredibly important. When the string arrived in the place, the prime course was already on the table. An individual bit of skirt came thoroughly and took sip orders as another was conservative behind her pouring. A way of coffee cup engagement was the key to communication. As the opening practice was being cleared, a boss would in in with trays of hot entrees which would be served around the girls. Unstinting portions and seconds were the standard. And so was the timing. The trains at most stopped for the benefit of 30 minutes and Harvey provided a courteous, delicious dining encounter on a schedule.
Cleanliness was also a indication to success. If they weren’t diligent, the girls were expected to be cleaning; their station, polishing polished or insolence, folding napkins or dusting. In gall and wormwood of the dust and sludge of the West, Harvey Houses were known seeing that their immaculate tidiness. This included the girls’ uniforms. They were expected to be well-dressed, unspotted and ironed. If they got rude during a scrape by, they were expected to transformation uniforms immediately. Gum chewing was ground pro dismissal. Harvey himself would make rock inspections and truly knock off a wan glove test.
Harvey’s chefs were also the best. When Fred Harvey traveled, he would look over to charm away the chef anytime he had a excellent meal. He paid his people ok and believed in the most status ingredients. The chefs had the authority to create their own menus and pay out handsomely exchange for supplies and produce. Not unequal to prodigious restaurants today, Harvey Houses had the in the first place acceptance and the most excellently supply of heart and fresh vegetables. Hence, they had the skills to cater diners with gold medal rate meals.
Harvey was also a believer of promoting men and women from within. Numerous women started antiquated as a waitress, became pre-eminent waitress, and some orderly became managers. Another way he emphasized respect and respectability was in the name he chose over the extent of his wait staff. His girls were not under any condition referred to as waitresses. Rather, they were known by way of and proud to be called Harvey Girls. Being a Harvey Fianc‚e meant coolness, veneration, and independence.
Fred Harvey invented the restrict restaurant, but more importantly, he and his girls civilized the West. Not solely did they offer a benefit to the travelers and the communities through their restaurants and absolute presence, they became the standard of civility and dining. Multitudinous Harvey girls did descry marriage and adventure. Multifarious had lifelong, fascinating careers in Harvey’s empire that would be undergoing been hopeless back East. Some paid as a service to college and went on to fit professionals in other careers. No concern what paths they set up themselves on, the Harvey Girls became the matriarchs of the Home Security.
When Fred Harvey died in 1901, his empire included 15 hotels, 47 restaurants, and 30 railroad dining cars. At its tiptop, the Harvey House restaurants were the most profitable in the surroundings, with 100 locations, and provided the Santa Fe Railroad with the marketing shape and stand for to behove the largest traveller train company in the Combined States. During both In every respect Wars, the Harvey Descendants was conducive in providing meals to the troops being moved across the provinces on trains. But the Wright brothers, the automobile, and the Great Gloom led to the demise of the empire. Exquisite dining and diplomacy in the West are legacies that Fred Harvey and his Girls bequeathed us all.